Abstract Biosimilars represent one of the fastest-growing segments of the global pharmaceutical industry, offering cost-effective alternatives to expensive biologic medicines. These complex biologic drugs, developed after the expiration of patents on reference biologics, play a critical role in improving access to treatments for chronic and life-threatening diseases such as cancer, [...]

Abstract India has emerged as one of the world’s leading producers of generic medicines; however, the country’s contribution to innovative drug discovery and development of New Chemical Entities (NCEs) has historically remained limited compared with major pharmaceutical innovation hubs. Over the past two decades, significant efforts have been made to [...]

Abstract Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) form the chemical backbone of modern drug formulations and are essential for sustaining national pharmaceutical production. India has emerged as one of the world’s largest manufacturers of generic medicines and APIs; however, the country remains heavily dependent on imports of key starting materials (KSMs), intermediates, [...]